Ruby, JavaScript
TLDR: You can use raise Exception and raise Exception.new - they’re identical as a result and it’s 4 characters less.
Imagine one of your non-IT friends. Yeah, the “normal”. Think about what they do for a living. Try to construct a few sentences describing their daily work. This is my take: Rafal runs a big chess school. He hires chess instructors and assigns them to specific regions where they educate the kids on the beauty of the game of chess. They invent new plays and they use them to simulate chess pieces. Thanks to this, the kids love the game and they practice strategic thinking while playing. OK. Now, the next part, let’s translate it into a language, which is basically English, but with just 4 verbs: create, read, update, destroy.